VATICAN CITY
The Economist
LOOKING as ever on the bright side, the Vatican’s habitually good-humoured spokesman, Father Federico Lombardi, averred: “Before Easter, we’ll have the new pope.” But no amount of breezy optimism, nor any amount of praise for the integrity and achievements of Pope Benedict XVI, can detract from the momentous historical significance of his announcement on February 11th—or from the fact that the conclave to elect his successor will be one of the oddest in the papacy’s two millennia. Benedict is one of only a handful of popes ever to resign (see article), and the first for almost six centuries. Father Lombardi could not say what Benedict’s title would be, nor how Christ’s vicar on earth should be addressed in retirement.
Though stubbornly conservative in many respects, Benedict is also a radical (as displayed in his encyclical of 2005 on the theology of love). But he kept his most radical utterance till the end. Speaking in Latin at a routine event, he said: “After having repeatedly examined my conscience before God, I have come to the certainty that my strengths, due to an advanced age, are no longer suited to an adequate exercise of the Petrine ministry.” That several of the cardinals present failed to understand must have highlighted for Benedict, an ardent Latinist, how his church has lost touch with its traditions.
By that account, he was giving the papacy a reality check: in the 21st century a vast global organisation is not best entrusted to an octogenarian in failing health. The pope is also a bishop (of Rome); members of the Catholic episcopate normally retire at 75.
If so, the lesson for the 117 cardinal-electors when they meet, probably in mid-March, is to find someone young and vigorous. Cardinal Timothy Dolan, the archbishop of New York, is a feisty 63. Cardinal Peter Erdo, of Budapest, is only 60. Cardinal Odilo Pedro Scherer, who heads the archdiocese of São Paulo, and Cardinal Peter Appiah Turkson, a Ghanaian who runs the Vatican’s development department, are 63 and 64 respectively.
But other interpretations of Benedict’s departure will weigh heavily on the conclave. He was not just tired, but worn out by the conflicts and machinations that have beset the Vatican during his reign. He is to retire to the Mater Ecclesiae convent, founded in 1992 by John Paul II specifically to create a prayerful counterweight to the worldliness of the Roman Curia, the church’s central administration. …
Wolves and weaklings
To his critics Benedict is not a victim, but a weak pope who gave free rein to an ill-prepared and unsuitable secretary of state. The Vatileaks documents cast a bad light on him, too. A report (said to be explosive) by three cardinals on a tendering scandal has yet to be released. The Vatican has also struggled to convince international bodies that its in-house bank is no longer used for money-laundering and tax evasion. The feuds within the Curia will also be central to the selection of Benedict’s successor. Cardinal Bertone will prepare the conclave and be the Vatican’s head of state in the period between February 28th when Benedict steps down and the proclamation of his successor. His arch-rival and predecessor, Cardinal Angelo Sodano, is Dean of the College of Cardinals, which will elect him.
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